Which of the following principles describes how to create realistic movements by applying the laws of physics?

The principle that describes how to create realistic movements by applying the laws of physics is rooted in the concept of "slow in and slow out." This principle involves the idea that objects typically do not move abruptly; instead, they tend to accelerate and decelerate in a more gradual manner. When animators implement this principle, they add more frames at the beginning and end of a movement, creating a smoother transition that mimics how real-world objects behave under the influence of physical laws.

For example, think about how a bouncing ball behaves. When the ball hits the ground, it does not just stop and then bounce back up with the same speed. It slows down as it approaches the surface and gradually speeds up again as it leaves. By emphasizing these slow transitions, animators can enhance the believability of movement, making it appear more natural.

In contrast, the other principles mentioned focus on different aspects of animation. "Squash and stretch" addresses the flexibility of characters and objects, "staging" relates to how an action is presented to the audience for clarity, and "timing" is about the rhythm of an action, not specifically the physical realism of the movement itself. Thus, while they contribute to effective animation, they do not specifically